Glossary of Official and Technical Terms
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21. The technical term 'Depreciation' means:
Answer: 'Depreciation' is the reduction in the value of an asset over time. The correct accounting term in Hindi is 'मूल्यह्रास'. 'अमूल्यन' (Devaluation) refers to currency.
22. What is the English term for 'तुलन-पत्र'?
Answer: 'तुलन-पत्र' is a financial statement that reports a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity at a specific point in time. It is called a 'Balance Sheet'.
23. The term 'Authenticated' is best translated as:
Answer: To 'authenticate' something is to prove it is genuine. While 'प्रमाणित' (certified) and 'सत्यापित' (verified) are similar, 'अनुप्रमाणित' is the more precise official term for authentication of documents.
24. 'महाभियोग' is the term used for:
Answer: 'महाभियोग' is the formal process of charging a high-ranking public official (like the President) with a serious crime. The English term is 'Impeachment'.
25. Choose the Hindi equivalent of 'By-laws'.
Answer: 'By-laws' are rules made by a corporation or society to regulate itself. The correct Hindi term is 'उपविधि'.
26. The English term for 'सांसद' is:
Answer: A 'सांसद' is a member of the 'संसद' (Parliament). Thus, the correct translation is 'Member of Parliament' (MP).
27. What does 'Consensus' mean in Hindi?
Answer: 'Consensus' refers to a general agreement among the members of a group. 'आम सहमति' (general agreement) or 'सर्वसम्मति' (unanimous agreement) are the correct translations.
28. 'मतदाता' is a person who is a:
Answer: A 'मतदाता' is a person who has the legal right to vote. The English words for this are 'Voter' or 'Elector'.
29. The official term 'Censure' translates to:
Answer: 'Censure' is a formal and severe expression of disapproval. The appropriate Hindi word is 'निंदा', as in a Censure Motion (निंदा प्रस्ताव).
30. What is the English word for 'अनुदान'?
Answer: 'अनुदान' is financial aid provided by the government to an individual or group. It can be a 'Grant' (for a specific purpose) or a 'Subsidy' (to keep prices low).
31. The term 'Tribunal' is known in Hindi as:
Answer: A 'Tribunal' is a special body established to adjudicate specific types of disputes, operating outside the regular court system. The correct Hindi term is 'अधिकरण'.
32. 'मानवाधिकार' translates to:
Answer: 'मानवाधिकार' are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. The term in English is 'Human Rights'.
33. What is the Hindi for 'Gazetted Officer'?
Answer: A 'Gazetted Officer' is a senior government official whose appointment is published in the official Gazette (राजपत्र). Hence, the term is 'राजपत्रित अधिकारी'.
34. The English for 'कार्यवाही' in a legal/official context is:
Answer: In a formal or legal sense, 'कार्यवाही' refers to the record of events or the legal action itself. The correct English term is 'Proceeding' or 'Proceedings'.
35. The term 'Endorsement' in official language is:
Answer: 'Endorsement' means signing on the back of a document to transfer it, or to add a note or instruction. The precise official term is 'पृष्ठांकन'.
36. What is the English term for 'प्रतिलिपि'?
Answer: 'प्रतिलिपि' means an exact reproduction of a document. The common English word is 'Copy'. In a legal context, it can also mean 'Transcript'.
37. What is the Hindi term for 'Minutes' (of a meeting)?
Answer: 'Minutes' are the written record of what was said and decided at a meeting. The official Hindi term is 'कार्यवृत्त'.
38. The term 'मुख्य-शीर्ष' translates into English as:
Answer: In accounting and budgeting, 'मुख्य-शीर्ष' refers to the primary category under which expenditure or revenue is classified. This is called a 'Major Head'.
39. The term 'Probation' in the context of employment is:
Answer: 'Probation' is a period of testing or observing the character or abilities of a person in a new role. The official term for this period is 'परिवीक्षा'.
40. The English term for 'निर्वाचन क्षेत्र' is:
Answer: 'निर्वाचन क्षेत्र' is a geographical area that elects a representative to a legislative body. The correct term for this is 'Constituency'.